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The Attributes Of Managing Organizational Behavior

This paper will inform readers about the attributes of managing organizational behavior. This paper articulate an effective leadership approach from a biblical perspective. This paper describe core attributes and their roles for managing behavior. This paper presents linkage and support form scripture in the Bible. I have integrate biblical principles about leaders and leadership behavior. Lastly, this paper presents the distinctions from popular models in purpose and perceptive. My paper will discuss my beliefs on managing organizational behavior from experiences and observations from communication, time management, and evaluations. These perspective alone with other critical information will be structured in my paper with proper†¦show more content†¦While pride is an unattractive quality in leaders, humility is a strength that compels others to follow. (Parrot, Longview) Components of Managing Organizational Behavior Communication Communication is a key factor in Leadership organizational behavior. This is important because in order to live up to our mission and envision our vision, you have to be willing to understand and comprehend the value that communication brings. An effective leader should have quality communication, because communication improves the effectiveness of growth from a leader’s perspective. When communicating, as leaders, we want to make sure our team or followers comprehend what we are putting out. The followers are allowed the choice to follow or not to follow. Time Management Ecclesiastes 3: 1-8 states that, â€Å"there is an occasion for everything and a time for every activity under haven: a time to give birth and a time to die; a time to plant and a time to uproot; a time to kill and a time to heal; a time to tear down and a time to build; a time to weep and a time to laugh; a time to mourn and a time to dance; a time to throw stones and a time to gather stones; a time to embrace and a time to avoid embracing; a time to search and a time to count as lost; a time to keep and a time to throw away; a time to tear and a time to sew; a time to be silent and a time to speak; a time to love and a time to hate; a time for war and a time for peace.† Time management is anotherShow MoreRelatedIndividual Behaviour Research Paper983 Words   |  4 Pages3rd lecture Individual Behavior Prof. Dr. Robert J. 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Understanding organizational culture is important because it aids in the awareness of the life of an organization, which is relative since it is believed that organizational culture impacts the performance of an enterprise, but just as leadership plays a vital in creating the organization’s culture, they are also essential in how successful theRead MoreMgmt591 Project Proposal1336 W ords   |  6 PagesHow can Perceptions and Attributions Of Certain Roles in the Organization Be Controlled Within Organizational Change? Christine Freese 4020 Derby Drive, Cumming, GA 30040 cfreese@ariba.com 770-402-6287 MGMT591- Leadership and Organizational Behavior Joseph  Walkowicz September 29, 2013 * Introduction a) The organization discussed in this research paper is Ariba, Inc (an SAP Company). 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Culture is often overlooked within understanding how employees behave. Stone (2010, p. 4) defines human resource management (HRM) to have a focus on managing people within employer and employee relationship. There is a specific link between the productive use of people achieving the organization’s strategic business objectives of which involve a certain time frame and the satisfaction of individualRead MoreThe Relevance of Organizational Behavior as a Management Perspective: An Evaluation1478 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Organizational Behavior: Managing People Objective The objective of this study is to assume the position as principal of a school and to undertake a critical evaluation of the relevance of organizational behavior as a management perspective. The response will emphasize the importance of interpersonal relations, facilitation of group/teams and leadership in improving organizational performance and reflect the knowledge and understanding of the key theoretical concepts and best practices. Read MoreOrganizational Behavior : An Organization1054 Words   |  5 Pagestask of organizational structure is to encourage people to work hard and coordinate their effort to ensure a high level of organizational performance. To this effect the four key concepts that assistance in achieving the needed performance include understanding the meaning of organizational behavior; individual differences; values, attitudes, and moods and emotions; perception and attribution, and the management of diversity. Organizational Behavior (OB) Defining organizational behavior to be aRead MoreEssay Organizational Behavior1057 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizational Behavior Organizational behavior: Organizational behavior refers to the attitudes and behavior of the individuals in the organization. Organizational behavior is a inter-disciplinary field of study that draws from many of the behavioral sciences. The goal of organizational behavior is to apply the concepts from the other behavioral sciences to pressing problems that management may be facing, as well as applying organizational behavior to the administrative theory and practicesRead MoreHigh Ethical And Moral Standards1029 Words   |  5 Pagescommunication; Team building;and Managing conflict. High Ethical and Moral Standards: Although each competency may be equally important; the top priority leadership attribute to possess would be high ethical and moral standards. A leader with high ethical standards conveys a commitment to following the rules and or laws, demonstrates integrity regardless of the situation or task at hand. Leaders must model ethical and moral standards, educate others about behaviors that are acceptable, and whatRead MoreThe Ethics Of Ethics Audit1486 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership: Setting the Ethical Tone The more ethics related efforts the leader demonstrates, the better the understanding and relationship with the other partner could be create (Neubert 2009), and consequently the less conflict will exist in the inter-organizational cooperating process, whether task or relationship. Every organization should appoint a senior executive corruption prevention and integrity champion to lead and coordinate work within their organization and to share good practice. Senior accountability

A Character Study of Arthur Birling in An Inspector Calls Essay Example For Students

A Character Study of Arthur Birling in An Inspector Calls Essay Arthur Birling is the man and leader of the Birling household. He has a wife Sybil and a son called Eric. He also has a daughter called Sheila. Edna (the maid) and the family live in Brumley, which at the time was an industrial city. The household live in a large suburban house and in 1912 they would be regarded as well off upper class citizens. Arthur is a respectable and experienced man in his mid-fifties who likes to speak his mind about things. He has many specific views on society and an outlook on life. He believes that a man has to make his own way and look after himself. Arthur Birling can be stubborn and has his views on the business he is managing. He refuses to accept any responsibility for the death of Eva Smith even when Inspector Goole shows him the evidence. Mr Birlings workers are paid the going rate in the factory and he is determined to protect his own interests. His attitude towards trouble makers is unsympathetic and he feels nothing for the young woman. He says, It is my duty to keep costs down. Arthur is offended by the inspectors attitude and may be slightly intimidated when the inspector looks hard into his eyes before addressing him. Being a father he wants the best for his children and does not want to upset or distress them. He also approves of Sheila (his daughter) and Gerald marrying and expects a time of increasing prosperity but feels a little uneasy in that Geralds parents might feel that their son is marrying beneath himself. Arthur feels in control of his children even though they are in their early twenties. The most disturbing part of the play for Mr. Birling is the scene in which he learns that his own son is shown to be a thief, a drunkard and is responsible for fathering a child. When he learns of all this he exclaims You damned fool why didnt you come to me when you found yourself in this mess? Erics reply indicates that Mr. Birling was never close to his son Because youre not the kind of chap a man could turn to when hes in trouble. Such a response indicates that things arent going to improve after the play ends. From the story you can tell that after meals Arthur likes to relax with a good cigar and enjoys some port. He likes to talk about business and explains to the inspector that Eva Smith was just an employee. Throughout the play Arthur thinks that he knows best. This is probably due to his time as the Lord Mayor of Brumley and when he was a local magistrate. He says, Ive always regarded myself as a sound useful party man. Arthur regards himself as a practical man of business and takes risks in life. He has his point of view about most things and disregards anyone elses. He says in Act One, Bernard Shaws and H. G. Wellses do all the talking. We hardheaded practical businessmen must say something sometime. He represents a very unattractive sort of person and even tries to threaten the Inspector by talking about his friendship with the Chief Constable. At the end of the play he grudgingly wishes things were better but even here he still thinks in terms of money Look, Inspector Id give thousands. I think that Arthur Birling believes that he can solve most situations with money. In the middle of Act One Arthur explains to Eric about war. There is irony in what he says. He explains that there is no chance of war but in fact the First World War was to begin in a couple of years. When talking he says that the world is developing so quickly that Itll make war impossible. He mentions that the new ocean liner, the Titanic, would be unsinkable but it sank on its maiden voyage. This shows that he is a man who is very confident in his views, but not always right. .uf028176a8ea8223118e40f151a975b02 , .uf028176a8ea8223118e40f151a975b02 .postImageUrl , .uf028176a8ea8223118e40f151a975b02 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf028176a8ea8223118e40f151a975b02 , .uf028176a8ea8223118e40f151a975b02:hover , .uf028176a8ea8223118e40f151a975b02:visited , .uf028176a8ea8223118e40f151a975b02:active { border:0!important; } .uf028176a8ea8223118e40f151a975b02 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf028176a8ea8223118e40f151a975b02 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf028176a8ea8223118e40f151a975b02:active , .uf028176a8ea8223118e40f151a975b02:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf028176a8ea8223118e40f151a975b02 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf028176a8ea8223118e40f151a975b02 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf028176a8ea8223118e40f151a975b02 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf028176a8ea8223118e40f151a975b02 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf028176a8ea8223118e40f151a975b02:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf028176a8ea8223118e40f151a975b02 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf028176a8ea8223118e40f151a975b02 .uf028176a8ea8223118e40f151a975b02-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf028176a8ea8223118e40f151a975b02:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Romeo Juliet: Capulet's character EssayMr Birling has little imagination and seems totally blind towards the consequences of his actions and to the events which would follow. He is a self-centred man and as soon as the inspector shows up he emphasises his own position in society. Eric points out that Mr Birling is useless in a real crisis. Arthur Birlings ignorance means that he doe not believe the inspector and he still believes that he has enough responsibilities without the torment of the inspector. Inspector Goole carries out his inquiry in a calm but firm way It is my duty to ask questions. In Act Two, he interrupts Birling in a forceful way (the stage direction says, cutting in, with authority). Arthur Birling has no real memory of the woman Eva Smith and does not believe that he played any part in her death although he did sack her from the factory. When Arthur tells the inspector this the inspector says, What happened to her then may have determined what happened to her afterwards. The inspectors attitude towards Arthur becomes harder as Arthur continues to believe he played no part in Evas death. Arthur becomes angry and protective and says, I dont like your tone nor the way youre handling this inquiry. However, the inspector remains calm and is not intimidated by Arthurs social standing and dominating manner, such as when he says, Look here, Im not going to have this, Inspector. Youll apologize at once. The inspector strives to make Arthur Birling aware of his actions. The hardest thing for Arthur to face is that he does not believe that he was responsible but other people in the family do and feel that they have done wrong and contributed to the womans suicide as well. The inspector says, We are responsible for each other. And I tell you that the time will soon come when, if men will not learn that lesson, then they will be taught it in fire and blood and anguish. Arthur is very aware at the end of the play of the possibility that he may be deprived of his promised knighthood and feels upset. He is scared that Therell be a public scandal. Arthur Birling continues to ignore the shameful things that his family has done. When it appears that the Inspector might be a hoaxer he is happy to believe that everything is as it was a few hours ago. He copies the Inspector and laughs when he remembers the faces of Eric and Sheila and accuses them of being the famous younger generation who know it all. This is an example of pride coming before a fall, a moment later of course he is panicking as the phone rings again. Mr Birling represents Priestleys hatred of businessmen who are only interested in making money. He believed that Birling would never alter his ways and it would be left to the younger generation to learn from their mistakes. The inspector holds the whole family responsible for Evas death, but I think he believes that Arthur was the guiltiest. He says, You made her pay a heavy price.. and now shell make you pay a heavier price still. Each person contributed to Evas fate and has to share the guilt, but Arthurs actions in sacking her started the chain of events. I think that Arthur was the guiltiest due to his reckless and heartless sacking of the young woman.

The Current Leadership Strategy Of Amazon Company

Question: Discuss about The Current Leadership Strategy Of Amazon Company. Answer: Introduction The current leadership environment is very competitive and coupled with many challenges that come with the organization management of business. Every organization hence has in place strategic goals and objectives that should be attained or achieved within a set time frame. The objectives may be smart, measurable, achievable, specific, and time-bound with a well-managed and qualified staff to help in achieving the set objectives for long-term success and productivity of the organization. However, the success of performance will greatly rely on the leadership strategy adopted or practiced by the organization. A good leadership strategy will help the organization to align their duties with the strategic goals of the organization depending on the professional development objectives. Effective leadership strategy will also motivate wise decision-making to help in linking the leadership styles with the strategic objectives of the organization (Connelly 2015, p. 482). According to Huffaker (2010), leadership strategy is the act of adopting well-strategized and considered skills in the process of communicating or driving the vision of an organization. A leadership strategy primarily persuades and motivates the workforce for easy organizational management in a similarly shared vision of the organization. It is thus a vital tool that can create an essential structure for an organization so as to implement any effective and necessary changes within the organization so as to drive it towards the strategic objectives of the organization. Such changes may involve setting the leadership requirements for the organization together with their responsibilities in the journey of driving the organization towards the set goals and objectives. This paper examines the leadership strategy adopted by Amazon Company to enable the organization to achieve its set goals and objectives. The paper focuses on the business strategies adopted by the organization, implication s of the strategy on the leadership requirements, and conclude by recommending a strategy that can improve the performance of the organization so as to enable it to attain its strategic goals. Elements of a well-developed leadership strategy According to Connelly et al. (2015), many organization struggles with knowing the best leadership strategy to adopt to effectively proceed to success and efficiency in achieving the set goals and objectives. As a result, a question that many managers ask themselves is that what are the elements of a good or well-developed leadership strategy that an organization should adopt? Gordon (2015) in his article also notes that the current business environment is very uncertain, and many employees are questioning how their jobs and the industry will be impacted owing to the ever increasing global economy. As a result, many organizations tend to be unsure of the best actions to take hence creating avoid negativity within the workplace. The void negativity tends to create fear and lack of positive communication that finally dominate the behavior, thoughts, and actions of the employees. Gordon further points out that such a situation leads to lack of trust, poor focus, uninspired teamwork, decr eased productivity, and subpar performance. Instead, the workforce switches to the survival mood of survival (Walker, Aritz 2015, p. 458). The current business environment thus needs a well-developed leadership strategy with strategized basics that can motivate the leadership to have a plan of action that can encourage, empower, and inspire the workforce. Such a leadership strategy motivates a transfer of belief in the leadership of the organization that majorly determines the difference between failure and success. Positive leadership strategy tends to share the vision, optimism, belief, purpose, and organizational plan that finally empower the employees to act and execute what they believe. A well-developed leadership strategy thus leads to powerful plans and actions that will produce significant strategic results for an organization (Gordon, 2016). However, it is more than just having inspirational speeches because it is a process that requires several steps to drive the organization to the right direction. It hence involves the following elements; Have a priority in the culture of the organization Poor leadership style results to the negativity that tends to knock the employees off balance. A well-developed leadership strategy should refocus, regroup, and unit the employees to create a team environment and a winning organizational culture. With good working relationship and a winning team, Rashad (2015) point out that an organization creates an internal strength within the organization that can win and withstand the naysayers, negativity, and adversity from the external challenges. A well-developed leadership strategy should thus make the culture of the organization as the priority of every employee so as to it through a powerful and long-term success of the organization. A good leadership strategy hence needs to sell the culture of the organization to the employees so that they can by the vision and work towards it. It hence requires a clear understanding of the target customers, propositional values of the organization, competitive abilities, and weaknesses of the organizati on. Well-developed leadership strategies will hence promote core competencies and develop capabilities as well as the relevant skills that will enhance value promotion towards the strategic goals of the organization. Share a positive vision The vision of the organization should always be simple, bold, and clear for everyone to understand and work towards the strategic objectives set to meet the objectives. It must also be relevant to the challenges the organization must be facing and the way forward (Huffaker 2016, p. 600). A good and well-developed leadership strategy must share the vision so as to encourage the management and the subordinate to work towards the vision. It should work towards affecting the vision of the organization. Instead of focusing much on the initiatives and tasks of the organization, a well-developed leadership strategy promotes a deep industrial or professional knowledge towards the strategic goals and objectives of the organization. In their study, Connelly et al. (2015) point out that a strategic thinking towards the goals promotes a strong network with a consistent identification of the market trends to as to tune the organization performance towards the dynamics of the market that may affec t the achievement of the strategic goals of the organization. Work towards turning negative energy into positive solutions A well-developed leadership strategy needs to focus towards utilizing the current challenges, complaints, and problems as a way of generating new ideas, paths of success and innovations. According to Walker and Aritz (2015), History has it that many ideas and innovations of product initiatives for many successful companies were developed during downturns and recessions. As a result, in the case of challenges and downfalls, both the employees and the management should ask themselves what they will learn from the challenges, what opportunities does the challenges offer that can be utilized as a chance of improvement? What actions need to be taken towards the available opportunities? In the uncertain times of the competitive business nature, predicting the future can be difficult. It hence requires positive leadership, positive action, and positive communication that can create a stronger, better, and wiser future. A well-developed leadership strategy also promotes unity and good relationship in the working place. It ensures employees develop their skills and strategies through training and development that not only benefits the employees but the organization as well. It should promote an outstanding self-awareness among the employees and the management. According to Johnston and Marshall (2016), every employee has a fault and instinctive behavior that can result in consequences. Understanding the weaknesses and strengths of the workforce through healthy discussions and debates that can be helpful to promote the improvement of the weaknesses and strengthen the workforce. The strategy should also be persuasive and inspirational so as to unite the workforce towards achieving the strategic goals of the organization according to Ripoll (2015, p. 445). The business strategy of Amazon Company Amazon is an American multinational company that offers various types of online products. The company is based in the United States of America specifically at Seattle in Washington. Even though the company started as a bookshop, the development of the technological innovations has enabled Amazon to diversify its products over time continually. The primary strategic goal of this American multinational organization is to offer a one-stop online shopping experience for its customers, where they can access all the company products (Simchi-Levi et al., 2014). The company operates as a pure internet retailer that do not have any physical retail store. With the adoption of technological innovations and models into its operations, all the products of the company are supplied and delivered to its esteemed customers through its networks of distribution centers. This strategy or form of business operation enables the organization to offer diverse and high-quality products at relatively low pric es. Also, it facilitates customer satisfaction since it promotes customer convenience (Pearce, Robinson Subramanian 2011, p. 67). As a result, the online retail chain system has helped in reducing the cost of operation while it offers its products at affordable prices. The strategy of the online offerings has enabled Amazon to keep a low price in its products thus passing the benefits to the consumers. Their robust customers centric approaches of analyzing the buying behavior of the customers based on their preferences have enabled them achieve a competitive edge over their stiff competitors. Simchi-Levi et al. (2014) denote that Amazon has become one of the longest players till date in the online sector with a solid customer hold and market share in the US and European countries, an advantage that is helping the company to expand is new markets despite the competitive dynamics of the online business. In his study, Bhasin (2016) denotes that e-commerce companies such as Amazon using demographic and psychographic segmentation for the market segmentation research and analysis. The company has thus developed a leadership strategy that ensures the business works towards the actual purchase behavior of customers. It thus focuses on what people have actu ally expressed interest in and not what they might. In the marketing mix, Amazon acquired different IT and e-commerce start-ups so as to differentiate itself from its competitors. These included pets.com, Junglee.com audible.com, Woot, IMBD.com, and Zappos.com that enabled the firm to provide high value to their customers by the use of the existing technology from the partners at subsidized cost. As a result, it has achieved economies of scale by offering extensive products such as games and toys, electronics, DIY, and apparels, among others. The strategy narrows down into targeting the individual customers hence converting visitors into high-value and long-term customers. According to Imran (2015), customer segmentation is often involved in creating personas who buys certain products in certain ways. In the same way, Amazon targets the both the middle and upper-class customers with hands-on experience in the primary technological basics but have no time of preferring online convenience over physical outlet shopping. The strategy has thus promoted the firm positioning it in the Go Global Act local (Glocal) e-commerce giant offering stiff competition with other online platforms such as Google. As a result, any customer can purchase any product and still get the product delivered at any remote location of their choices. On effective leadership requirements, the business strategy adopted by the company has shown competency, vision, unity and value not only to the organization but to the customers as well. The leadership strategies adopted by the management of the organization has seen it through achievements with a good customer base in the global market. However, to maintain its position in performance, Amazon need to develop a leadership strategy that will help the organization keep an open culture and maintain its investors, developers, and customers united in an open communication of innovation and development of not only the products but the workforce as well. As a result, a development-centered leadership strategy is as well essential to enable it develop a workforce that is diverse and qualified to face the market challenges. Development-centered leadership strategy approach in support of the company to achieve its strategic goals Critical competencies of the strategy Driving change Building commitment to the employees and the management Maximizing the talent quality of the employees through training and development Giving focus to customer satisfaction and commitment Sourcing qualified leaders and employees with the relevant skills Growing the business towards the strategic goals Sourcing qualified leaders and employees: The strategy will ensure a bought mix to balance the ratio between the external hires and the internal hires in the management at a ratio of 3:7. This will mainly be done so as to challenge the culture of the organization and encourage new ideas while providing development opportunities for the internal development of the organization. The leadership strategy will as well adopt a succession planning process as an exclusive method of placing the qualified leaders into their respective positions. The organization will thus be able to identify qualified candidates and match them with the relevant positions and opportunities. The process will be conducted through a succession planning process using the competencies of the candidates as the primary screen of monitoring qualifications. According to Gandossy and Effron (2016) succession or retention of leaders in the respective new roles of the organization both internally and externally requires a process which provides coaching and guidance. On-boarding leaders will be adopted as a process of examining working relationship building as well as the personal performance of the leaders that will be relevant towards the strategic objectives of the organization. Leaders Alignment: Using the strategy, Amazon will align its leaders on three major concepts which include performance management, executive coaching, and leader engagement. Through performance management, the organization will be able to set aggressive goals for all the leaders in the various departments of the organization. The process will thus ensure that stretch goals and objectives are key components necessary for balancing business performance measurements to promote positive individual behaviors. Engagement of leaders will as well be monitored actively through annual surveys of the human resources by an executive team that will be jointly held accountable for the identification and improvement of deficiencies within the organization. The strategy will as well ensure that an executive coaching process is adopted to develop the performance of the workforce and will be adopted as a core aspect of the strategy. Developing leaders: The process will be carried out through assignment-based development, executive development, and high-potential development. On the assignment-based, job assignments and responsibilities will be the primary strategy for developing leaders so as to help in matching the employees with their responsibilities as per the flow of the succession planning process. High-potential development will ensure that the highest-potential employees of Amazon receive a disproportionate share of the organizational developmental resources such as the shares. The strategy will thus plan on the development of the group activities for the potential leaders among the staff then increase their exposure to the board and the senior team while reviewing their performance periodically like on a semi-annual basis. On the other hand, the executive development process will provide group-based sessions for the leaders to develop skills of customer service and clear vision communication and acumen. Rewarding leaders: Amazon Company should adopt different ways of rewarding their leaders such as having base pay, long-term incentives, as well as the annual incentives. The strategy will ensure a set of a 50th percentile as the major target for the base pay with high-potential employees identified through different successions process that will be paid at the 60th percentile. The strategy will as well adopt an annual incentive with a 75th percentile target that strongly differs between median and high performers in distribution of rewards. However, the long-term incentive will adopt a combination of regular stock option and performance-vesting stock to provide the necessary incentives for consistent leader behavior. The process will thus target the 75th percentile for the awards while differentiating between median and high performers. Adopting this strategy will help the organization in many ways while pushing the organization towards its strategic goals. It will also ensure that different essential programs within the workplace are monitored such as training and development of employees, resource sustainability, good relationship in a working environment etc. It will lead to great investment and produce good returns that will fuel the developmental strategies and speed the launch of new products. According to Rashad (2015) a development leadership strategy should focus not only on the strategic objectives of the organization but on the training and development of workforce as well since they are the major driving force for the success of every organization. The strategy will as well help the firm in figuring out how to address any human resource challenge and maintains a productive workforce full of fun, skills, and diverse knowledge for a productive atmosphere. Conclusion Well-defined leadership strategies play major roles in the successful performance of an organization as every organization is created with a purpose to achieve particular objectives. As a result, effective leadership strategies are essential in ensuring the organization coordinates its activities so as to achieve the set strategic goals and objectives. Good leadership is hence the backbone to the success of any organization as the performance of the workforce is solely dependent on direction and motivation from the leadership. Therefore, there are different types of leadership strategies that can be experienced in a workplace or adopted in an organization each of which has its advantages and disadvantages. The types of leadership styles adopted are dependent on the goals and culture of the organization as well as the task to be completed. List of References Bhasin, H, (2016), Marketing strategy of Amazon. Journal of online market leadership Psychology, 4, 4, pp.7, PsycARTICLES, EBSCOhost, viewed 13 June 2016 Connelly, C, Martin Ginis, K Walsh, M, Arnold, K,2015, 'Leadership styles, emotion regulation, and burnout',Journal Of Occupational Leadership Psychology, 20, 4, pp. 481-490, PsycARTICLES, EBSCOhost, viewed 13 June 2016 Gandossy, R, Effron, M, (2016), Leading the way, John Wiley Sons publishers, Retrieved from https://www.workforce.com/2004/03/01/a-sample-leadership-strategy/ Gordon, J, (2015), 5 Positive leadership strategies: Developing positive leaders, teams and organization, Retrieved from https://www.jongordon.com/blog/5-positive-leadership-strategies/ Huffaker, D 2010, 'Dimensions of Leadership and Social Influence in Online Communities',Human Communication Research, 36, 4, pp. 593-617, Communication Mass Media Complete, EBSCOhost, viewed 24 September 2016. Imran, A, I, (2015), A study on Amazon: information systems, business strategies and e-crm, Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261440748_A_STUDY_ON_AMAZON_INFORMATION_SYSTEMS_BUSINESS_STRATEGIES_AND_e-CRM Johnston, M, Marshall, W, 2016,Sales force management: Leadership, innovation, technology. Routledge. Pearce, J, A, Robinson, R, Subramanian, R, 2011, Strategic management: Formulation, implementation, and control. Accounting Economics, 2, 9, pp. 54-89, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 21 September 2016. Rashad, Y 2015, 'How leadership strategies cause the transformational change efforts to be successful',International Journal Of Management, Accounting Economics, 2, 9, pp. 1130-1140, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 24 September 2016. Ripoll, P, 2015, 'The moderator role of followers personality traits in the relations between leadership styles, two types of task performance and work result satisfaction',European Journal Of Work Organizational Psychology, 24, 3, pp. 444-461 Simchi-Levi, D, Kaminsky, P, Simchi-Levi, E, 2014, Managing the supply chain: the definitive guide for the business professional. McGraw Publishers. Walker, L, Aritz, K, 2015, 'Transformational and Transactional Leadership: An Exploration of Gender, Experience, and Institution Type',Portal: Libraries The Academy, 15, 2, pp. 331-351, Library, Information Science Technology Abstracts, EBSCOhost, viewed 13 June 2016

Dangers Of Anabolic Steroids Essays (505 words) - Anabolic Steroids

Dangers Of Anabolic Steroids Dangers of Anabolic Steroids In the past three decades, steroids has been becoming a serious problem more than ever in the athletic field. Steroids are anabolic drug to build growth hormones that include the androgens (male sex hormones) principally testosterone and estrogen and progestogens (female sex hormones). Steroids were first developed for medical purposes. They're used in controlling inflammation, strengthening weakened hearts, preventing conception, and alleviating symptoms of arthritis and asthma. Unfortunately research has shown that steroids have been abused in almost every kind of sport. Although steroids contribute to a muscular body, usage should remain illegal because they physically deteriorate and mentally destroy the body. Many people are fascinated about steroids because of their ability to build up the body. Whether taken by injection or the pill it increases strength and endurance. Steroids also help in the healing process of muscular tissue by first injuring them, then the muscles heal quicker adding more fiber increasing their bulk. Many athletes turn to steroids more often because they're cheaper than marijuana or cocaine. A ten week cycle of testosterone cypinate and methandrostone costs only about one hundred dollars. Steroids are also very hard to trace because of their water base composition. They can pass through the body within two days. All these benefits of steroids help an athletes become more competitive and increase their chance of being a winner. Of course everybody wants better biceps and triceps but when using steroids to achieve this goal there is a large price to pay. However, steroids should remain illegal because they physically deteriorate the whole body system. When injected one risks the chances of developing hematoma and contracting AIDS. In women steroids contribute to the growth of facial hair, enlargements of the clitoris, shrinkage of the uterus, sterility, deepening of the voice, decrease in breast size and irregularity of the menstrual cycle. In men steroids cause shrinkage of the testicles, decrease in sperm count, sterility, impotence, prostate enlargement and growth of female breast. In both men and women hair loss, liver ailments, acne, atherosierosis and cancer are very common. This dangerous drug shortens the life span up to twenty years and increases the chance of obtaining diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and hypertension. The side effects and reactions from enduring anabolic steroids are endless. Along with the physical problems there are also mental reactions associated with the usage of steroids. This drug becomes very addictive and damaging to the mind. It causes violent episodes which an athlete can claim a legal insanity defense to it. They get so wrapped up psychologically that the negative effects doesn't matter to them. Research has also discovered that steroids cause psychotic side effects sometimes referred to as roid mania. Along with these are wild aggressive, combative behavior, depression, listlessness and delusions during and after performance. Even though the game is over athletes want to continue competing. Steroids mentally destroy the brain and ability to reason. Overall the usage of steroids is very damaging to the human body. Even though it physically builds up the body for better performance the risks of use are enormous. Steroids physically deteriorate and mentally destroy the body. The usage of steroids provides an unfair advantage to non-user athletes and therefore should remain illegal for non-medical use. Health and Beauty Essays

Beto ORourke Biography

Beto O'Rourke Biography Beto O’Rourke (born Robert Francis O’Rourke on Sept. 26, 1972) is a Texas politician whose progressive politics, enthusiastic following on the campaign trail, and aspirations to the presidency have earned him comparisons to a  Kennedy  and  a young Obama. O’Rourke is a former businessman who served three terms in the  U.S. House of Representatives  before embarking on what would be the most expensive, yet unsuccessful, campaign for  U.S. Senate  in the midterm elections of  President Donald Trump’s first term. Fast Facts: Beto O'Rourke Full Name: Robert Francis O’RourkeKnown For:  American politician and potential presidential hopeful. His unsuccessful campaign against Republican U.S. Sen. Ted Cruz was the most expensive in the 2018 congressional midterm elections, costing $80 million.Born:  Sept. 26, 1972, in El Paso, TexasParents:  Pat and Melissa O’RourkeSpouse:  Amy Hoover SandersChildren:  Ulysses, Henry and MollyEducation:  Columbia University, bachelor of arts degree in English literature,  1995.Famous Quote:  I can think of nothing more American than to peacefully stand up, or take a knee, for your rights, any time, anywhere, in any place.Fun Fact:  ORourke played bass in a punk band called Foss. Early Years  and an Unusual  Nickname for an Irish Kid O’Rourke was born in El Paso, Texas, the son of Pat and Melissa O’Rourke. His father was in politics, serving as a Democratic county commissioner and judge before switching  parties and mounting an unsuccessful campaign for Congress. His mother worked in a furniture store. O’Rourke’s family had immigrated from Ireland four generations before, but the young man went by Beto- short for Roberto in Mexico. â€Å"My parents have called me Beto from day one, and it’s just- it’s kind of a nickname for Robert in El Paso. It just stuck,† he has said. As a young man, ORourke often accompanied his politician father around town. He told an interviewer in 2018 that he and his father were far apart in their enjoyment of glad-handing and schmoozing.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"He had this real joy in public life, in meeting people and representing people,† the younger O’Rourke recalled about his father. In some ways, I really hated it.  It was the kind of stuff you don’t want to do when you are 10 years old, unless you were really into that. And I wasn’t. I was an awkward and shy kid, so it was the last thing I wanted to do, but now I can look back and bless my experience in it.† As a young teen in high school, ORourke sought distance from his father by transferring from the public high school in El Paso to an all-male boarding school in Virginia, Woodberry Forest. After graduation he entered Columbia University in New York, where he majored in English literature, worked at a publishing house, and wrote fiction while playing bass with a punk band with some friends. After graduating from college, ORourke moved back to El Paso in 1998, and co-founded a software and technology company called Stanton Street Technology Group. He also became a partner in a real-estate firm and invested in property in his home town. Political Career ORourke was catapulted to political fame with his folksy 2018 bid for U.S. Senate against  Republican incumbent Ted Cruz- he livestreamed a 254-county tour of Texas- and his accessibility in the House. He was popular with small-money donors and progressive activists, much the way  Bernie Sanders  was in running for president in 2016. But his political career began on a much smaller level, as a member of El Paso city council from 2005 to 2011. It was during his tenure on city council that he became involved in a controversy that placed him squarely between the interests of his wealthy investor father-in-law and the angry residents and small businesses he was elected to represent. ORourke sided with his father-in-law and publicly supported the plan to replace  tenements and boarded-up buildings in  downtown El Paso with restaurants, shops and an arts walk, a move that angered his constituents. His first step into the national political spotlight came in the May 2012 Democratic congressional primary in Texas, when ORourke knocked off an eight-term incumbent who had been endorsed by  President Barack Obama  and  former President Bill Clinton,  U.S. Rep.  Silvestre Reyes. ORourke was elected that year to represent the 16th Congressional District in El Paso. ORourke served three two-year terms in Congress, and had several pieces of legislation signed into law. One was the â€Å"Honor Our Commitment Act,† which expanded mental health care to veterans with â€Å"other-than-honorable† discharges from the military.   He did not seek re-election to the House in 2018 and chose instead to challenge Cruz for one of the states seats in the U.S. Senate. Cruz narrowly won the race, which in an of itself was shocking because Texas is overwhelmingly Republican. ORourke, though defeated, had accomplished much by running so close to an entrenched incumbent. ORourke has said he is weighing a run for president in 2020. Personal Life and Wealth ORourke married his wife, Amy, in 2005.  She is  the daughter of wealthy real estate mogul  William â€Å"Bill† Sanders. The ORourkes have three children: Ulysses, Molly and Henry.   The Center for Responsive Politics estimated Beto O’Rourke’s net worth as $9.1 million in 2016. His net worth and familial ties to a wealthy real estate investor made him an unlikely star among young progressives in 2018. Arrests O’Rourke has been relatively open about facing criminal charges- one for drunk driving and another for breaking into a facility at the University of Texas at El Paso. Both cases have been used against him by political opponents. In the drunk-driving case, from September 1998, O’Rourke was allegedly driving at a high rate of speed when he crashed his car about a mile from the Texas border with New Mexico. A breath-test administered by police found O’Rourke’s blood-alcohol level was above the legal threshold, 0.10 percent. The 26-year-old’s reading was a high of 0.136, according to published reports. The charge was later dismissed after O’Rourke completed a court-approved program. He has described the DUI as a â€Å"serious mistake for which there is no excuse.† Three years earlier, in 1995, O’Rourke had been charged with attempted forcible entry to the physical plant at the University of Texas at El Paso, where he was a student. He spent a night in the El Paso County Jail, made bail the next day and was released. The charge was later dropped. I along with some friends were horsing around, and we snuck under the fence at the UTEP physical plant and set off an alarm. We were arrested by UTEP police. ... UTEP decided not to press charges. We werent intending to do any harm, he has been quoted saying. Sources and Further Reading Saul, Stephanie. â€Å"Beto ORourke Once Supported an El Paso Real Estate Deal. Barrio Residents Remember.†Ã‚  The New York Times, The New York Times, 29 Oct. 2018,  www.nytimes.com/2018/10/29/us/politics/beto-orourke-el-paso-texas-senate.html.Golshan, Tara. â€Å"The Raging Controversy over Beto ORourkes Full Name, Explained.†Ã‚  Vox.com, Vox Media, 8 Mar. 2018,  www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/3/7/17091094/beto-orourke-full-name-ted-cruz-controversy.Bailey, Holly. â€Å"Like Ted Cruz, Beto ORourke Had a Fiery, Charismatic Father. The Similarities End There.† Yahoo! News, Yahoo!, 2 Oct. 2018,  www.yahoo.com/news/like-ted-cruz-beto-orourke-fiery-charismatic-father-similarities-end-090017531.html.Livingston, Abby. â€Å"Disclosures Offer Window into Personal Finances of Ted Cruz and Beto ORourke in Senate Race.†Ã‚  The Eagle, 4 Oct. 2018,  www.theeagle.com/news/texas/disclosures-offer-window-into-personal-finances-of-ted-cruz-and/article_6dc925 eb-df8a-5037-8f24-573abc4b35ac.html.

TOYOTA Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

TOYOTA - Research Paper Example Introduction Toyota Motor Corporation was started in 1933 in Japan. It is a business dealer in automobile as well as finance services and housing deals. The company stands as the leader in the automobile industry followed by general motors and other car manufacturing industries (Jeffrey, 2004). The company has its wings spread all over the world supplying cars. It makes about 40% of all vehicles in the world selling half in its domestic market and the rest international. It has 511 subsidiaries and 217 associate companies by the end of March, 2011. It has been argued that the company sells its merchandise at very high cost leading to abnormal profits (Bill, 2011). The credit rating of Toyota has gone down from AA to AA minus accordingly to the scores rates. RATIO ANALYSIS FOR TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATIONS Liquidity Ratios Current Ratio = Total Current Assets/ Total Current Liabilities 1.02 1.03 1.08 Acid Test = Total quick assets/ Total current liabilities 0.89 0.90 0.95 (Total quick ass et = total current assets minus inventory) 9937715.00 9816617.00 10226262.00 Activity Ratios Inventory turnover= cost of goods/ inventory 11.33 11.67 13.34 Day sales outstanding = receivables/ sales/360 109.35 104.12 96.44 Total ASSET Turnover (TAT)= total assets/ inventory 19.62 19.86 21.16 Leveraged ratios Equity ratio = total owners’ equity/ total assets 0.35 0.35 0.35 Debt ratio/Debt to asset Ratio= total liabilities/ total assets 0.65 0.65 0.65 Debt to Equity Ratio = Total Liabilities / Owners Equity or Net Worth 1.87 1.83 1.86 Profit Ratios Gross Profit Margins (GPM) = (Net gross Profit / Net Sales) x 100 12.52 11.96 10.10 Net Profit Margin (NPM)= (Net profit/net sales)*100 2.15 1.11 -2.13 Return on capital invested (ROCI) 0.05 0.03 -0.05 Return on Assets (ROA) = (Net Profit / Total Assets) x 100 1.42 0.74 -1.49 Return on Equity= (Net Profit / Net Worth or Owners Equity) x 100 (Wilbert, 2007) 4.07 2.09 -4.27 Shareholders return ratios Dividend yield = dividend per share / market price 0.62 0.56 2.46 Price earnings ratio= market per share/ earnings per share 0.62 1.21 -0.29 Income statements FOR TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATIONS 2011 2010 2009 Revenue 18993688.00 18950973.00 20529570.00 cost of revenue 16615326.00 16683797.00 18455800.00 Gross profit 2378362.00 2267176.00 2073770.00 Total selling/general/ administrative expenses 1910083.00 2119660.00 2534781.00 other operating expenses 0.00 0.00 0.00 operating income 468279.00 147516.00 -461011.00 less other non-operating expenses 19253.00 30886.00 -189140.00 income before tax 563290.00 291468.00 -560381.00 less income tax 312821.00 92664.00 -56442.00 net income before extra-ordinary items 250469.00 198804.00 -503939.00 MI -57302.00 -34756.00 24278.00 equity in affiliates 215016.00 45408.00 42724.00 net Income 408183.00 209456.00 -436937.00 dividend paid (figures in millions) 156791.00 141120.00 313551.00 number of shares (figure in millions) 3135.91 3135.99 3140.42 dividend per share 50.00 45.00 99.84 earn ings per share 130.17 66.79 -139.13 market price 80.54 80.54 40.51 Balance sheet FOR TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION 2011 2010 2009 total receivables 5,769,135.00 5,481,099.00 5,499,378.00 Total inventory 1465876 1429363 1383782 Total current assets 11403591 11245980 11610044 Total assets 28761679.00 28387556.00 29284861.00 Total current liabilities 11173520.00 10932580.00 10787814.00 total liabilities 18737812.00 18371123.00 19043857.00 total equity 10023867.00 10016433.00

Training employees as a cashier Personal Statement

Training employees as a cashier - Personal Statement Example Furthermore; it will help determine all the benefits and costs of the training process which later allows the management to put cost as a priority during training. This targets individual employees’ performance and uses information from any employee to determine the programme that will be used for training. In this case, the employees revealed some deficiencies of the organization which triggered the fact that training could be of used to meet their performance standards. Data was gathered through questionnaire which showed that each department was to have its own training to cater for the requirements of all the employees of the company. The employees were not satisfied with the training they had received because they felt that all issues were not addressed. Task analysis starts with each employee knowing the requirement of their jobs thus comparing knowledge and skills of all the employees to know the training needs of all the employees. During the training, the job analysis based on the skills and knowledge of all the employees is determined. Employees are told his or her area of specialization and the tasks that are to be performed.Moreover, the conditions for the tasks are to be well stipulated and show the employees when and how the tasks will be performdd.the employees should know the importance of quality performance and not necessarily basing on the quantity of the job (Gupta, 6). This determines the departments that training is needed, and the conditions under which the whole trainining will be held. The HR department and the management should know the future skills needed to improve the performance of the employees. This will help them comply with the affirmative actions, and guidelines. The labor pool should be looked at critically in order for the incorporate all people regardless of gender differences to the workforce. The laws that govern the organization may sometimes dictate the needs of training, but

Can you make a topic for me Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Can you make a topic for me - Assignment Example For example, women are traditionally believed to take feminine jobs like office works, teaching, secretary, etc. So, if a woman shows interest in masculine jobs like going into the military, or working in construction sites as heavy equipment operators, she is more or less judged as lesbian. Traditional beliefs are pervasive in almost all aspects of people’s lives. The problem is, as these traditional beliefs deeply penetrates and sits comfortably into people’s sub-consciousness from one generation to another generation, they are difficult to get rid of, and they hurt people’s lives because to transgress traditional beliefs is not easy, instead it is agonizing. One particular example is the traditional belief that colored people who marry outside of their color hate their culture, values and/or themselves. If this is so, is the issue we would like to reflect on in our story below. But before we tell the story, let us first define what self-hate is. Self-hate is defined as â€Å"an extreme dislike of oneself, one’s action†¦ or one’s own race†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Absolute Astronomy.com 2009, par. 3). â€Å"Self-hatred is not a nightmare from which one suddenly awakens. It is a war of attrition against a negative self-image that requires nothing less than a complete interrogation of one’s core assumptions and values† (Lewis 2004, 7). Even if self-hatred is culture based, its effect is psychological. And â€Å"of the many psychological disorders afflicting visible minorities, none is more unforgiving than self-hatred†¦ [because] unlike the thief who cries hunger, or the rapist provocation, the self-hater has no recourse because he refuses to admit to his condition† (Ibid). So, is marrying someone not belonging to your own race a manifestation of self-hate? Let us see from this story once told to me†¦ Lolita is a graduate of Business Administration from one of the private universities in Manila, the capital city of

Duties and responsibilities of a cabin crew

Duties and responsibilities of a cabin crew IN-FLIGHT MODULE Cabin crew is primarily aboard an aircraft for the safety and welfare of the passengers and for their comfort. If there were no services of food or drink during a flight, there would still have to be a minimum presence of cabin crew for safety, which is a legal requirement. (essence-learning.com, 2014) The role can be physically and emotionally demanding. Cabin crew are expected to deal with all passengers diplomatically, even when feeling the effects of travelling through time zones and spending extended periods of time on their feet. (targetjobs, 2014) Some of these roles include supplying passengers with newspapers, magazines and in-flight amusement, checking the state and provision of emergency equipment and information for passengers, demonstrating emergency equipment and safety procedures administering first aid and dealing with emergencies, greeting passengers as they board and exit the plane, showing passengers to their seats and providing special attention to certain passengers, such as the elderly or disabled and producing written flight reports after completing a journey. (targetjobs, 2014) As cabin crew, their responsibilities are to greet the passengers as they board the aircraft, direct them to their seats and ensure that the entire luggage is safety stored away in the overhead cabins. Once all the passengers are on board then the cabin crew demonstrate the emergency procedures whilst the plane is preparing for takeoff. During a flight thecrew membersassist passengers, make calls on behalf of the captain, serve food, drinks and sell duty free goods. (essence-learning.com, 2014) In case of emergencies, cabin crews are there to reassure passengers so that they follow the correct emergency procedures. The crew may have to deal with several emergencies such as cabin fires or first aid situations. At the end of a flight cabincrew membersare there to make sure that passengers disembark the aircraft safely. Thecrew membersare then asked to complete a written report that records all details of the flight. (Essence-Learning.com, 2014) Cabin crew also make periodic announcements to passengers about flight conditions and arrival times. They also make sure that passengers with special needs are cared for in an appropriate manner. (anon, 2014) The chain of command on any aircraft is; Captain First officer Cabin Manager Flight Attendant The overall responsibility for the safe operation of an aircraft and the safety of its passengers lies with the Captain, but you as operating crew are responsible to the Captain in being capable through your flight attendant training to be able to fulfill your safety responsibilities. (flight-attendant-careers.com, 2014) Within the cabin crew job market, airlines employ a vast number of people into cabin crew support roles. These support positions provide a great way to gain cabin crew experience, and learn about how the airline industry works. (cabincrew.com, 2014) Many airport-based ground staff performs these support roles. Jobs in the industry which fall into the category of cabin crew support include crew planning, crew control, human resources and crew training. There is a great deal of planning and scheduling work that goes into flights, so administration staff will be on hand to assist at pre-flight briefings, ensuring air cabin crew are being correctly assigned their working positions, and understand any changes to how the flight will be managed. (cabincrew.com, 2014) Airlines frequently use codes in the form of abbreviated words or letters. This list covers some of the most frequently used words. The following computer codes are used in messages from airlines: CHNT – Change Name To ETA – Estimated Time of Arrival FLTFO – Flight Info HTL Hotel MCO – Miscellaneous Charge Order NOSH – No show OW One-way PNR – Passenger Name Record RCFM Reconfirm SPAV – Space Available SSR – Special Service Request TKT Ticket WCHR Wheel Chair FLY Finley in Australia EVE Evenes in Norway TOY Toyama in Japan DAY Dayton in Ohio, United States NYC New York City AVML – Asian Vegetarian Meal BBML – Infant/ Baby Food CHML – Child Meal DBML – Diabetic Meal FPML – Fruit Platter Meal SFML – Seafood Meal Types of duties cabin crew may have to undertake cabin crew seat and working position; roster duty example stand-by duty. There are two types of standby, Home reserve and Airport reserve. Home reserve means that you are on standby at home ready to take a call on your mobile phone or landline from flight scheduling that may assign you a flight or upgrade your status to field reserve. Field Reserve on the other hand, means that you are on standby but in the flight operations building at the airport with your flight handbag, trolley and suitcase, ready to be assigned any flight that needs to be covered. Duties before the pre-flight briefing include, checking roster and updates, check health, safety and security notices, check flight details (crew names, crew positions, departure gate, and aircraft registration. Importance of time keeping prior to a pre-flight briefing: to be prepared; consequences of late arrival example cabin crew offloaded from other flights, late departure of aircraft, disciplinary action. (anon, 2014) Elements of a pre-flight briefing include introduction to the crew, operating positions and responsibilities, uniform standards checked, aircraft information, health, safety and security memos, updates and notices read and understood, order of bar, meal and duty-free service and Safety and Emergency Procedures (SEP) scenario questions. (anon, 2014) Elements of post-flight briefing include reconciliation paperwork for bars and monies handed in, flight paperwork completed and filed example cabin defects reported and flight evaluation. (anon, 2014) Receive and relay safety equipment and procedures (SEP) during a pre-flight briefing include respond to Safety and Emergency Procedures (SEP) scenario questions example safety, security, in-flight medical care, location of emergency equipment, respond in a timely manner, with composure and professional attitude. (anon, 2014) Complete documentation relating to a pre-flight briefing in readiness for the flight include flight detail form (crew names and signatures, rest and duty hour, number of crew bags, equipment and security checks completed), toilet servicing form. (anon, 2014) The importance of timekeeping includes, being prepared, consequences of late arrival example offloading of crew, late departure of aircraft. Personal presentation: on and off duty and during stopovers, uniform standards, dress code for training and stopovers, adhering to grooming standards, professionalism, personal appearance, importance example creating a positive organizational image, maintaining organizational standards. (anon, 2014) Importance of task management and prioritization of tasks include routine and non-routine tasks, prioritize tasks in order of importance, and prioritize tasks in order of legal and regulatory requirements. (anon, 2014) Customer relationship management: following company procedures and industry standards; providing excellent customer service; ensuring passenger welfare; importance example to keep customers, to reward loyal customers, to attract new customers. (anon, 2014) References http://www.flight-attendant-careers.com/flight-attendant-training.html http://www.essence-learning.com/blog/duties-and-responsibilities-of-a-cabin-crew http://targetjobs.co.uk/careers-advice/job-descriptions/277171-airline-cabin-crew-job-description http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/airport_code.htm http://www.edexcel.com/migrationdocuments/BTEC%20Specialist%20Qualifications/BA025387-BTEC-L2-Introduction-to-Cabin-Crew-spec.pdf

Hunting is Necessary :: Morality of Hunting

Do animals have feelings? We may never know for sure, but for those of us who think they do, there are animal rights groups. For those of us who don’t think so, or just don’t care, there’s indifference and there’s hunting. The morality of sport and commercial hunting has been in question for centuries. I could open a economy size can of worms about fox hunting in England, whale hunting in Japan, and tiger hunting in Africa. I think it’s safe to say that most of us are supportive of protecting endangered species, but what about the plentiful fauna of Missouri? Chock full of birds, fish, deer, and rodents, should they be protected as well? In November of 1997, singer Fiona Apple teamed up with People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), to speak out against Butterball and their â€Å"How To Cook A Turkey Hotline†. â€Å"Please join me in calling Butterball,† implored Apple, â€Å"to tell them there is no proper way to kill and cook these beautiful birds.† Okay, so maybe you love animals but you’re not a vegetarian. The next question is about the affects of one killed or injured animal on many. Take deer for example. Many hunters claim that any deer that escapes from a hunt later returns to the herd without suffering any ill effects. Even if they don’t get away, there is no damage done to the population and the hunters have done nothing but their part in keeping populations to a healthy low. Apparently, according to the League Against Cruel Sports, this is entirely untrue. The babies that eventually die of starvation are lost along with their mothers. They also same that by the end of a long day of running for their life, the deer may have lost so much body heat that they succumb to hypothermia and pneumonia. Another cause of deer fatalities during hunting season is myopathy, which is due to the stress and over-exertion of a long pursuit. The lactic acid builds up, which causes extreme pain, it breaks down muscle tissue. Death finally comes, usually as a result of kidney failure. The organization’s website also lists a â€Å"pack of lies†. They are quotes which many have believed to be true but by scientific evidence and statistics, really aren’t. â€Å"Farmers currently tolerate deer on their farms and suffer consequent crop losses because the deer provide them with ‘sport’ as a compensation. Hunting is Necessary :: Morality of Hunting Do animals have feelings? We may never know for sure, but for those of us who think they do, there are animal rights groups. For those of us who don’t think so, or just don’t care, there’s indifference and there’s hunting. The morality of sport and commercial hunting has been in question for centuries. I could open a economy size can of worms about fox hunting in England, whale hunting in Japan, and tiger hunting in Africa. I think it’s safe to say that most of us are supportive of protecting endangered species, but what about the plentiful fauna of Missouri? Chock full of birds, fish, deer, and rodents, should they be protected as well? In November of 1997, singer Fiona Apple teamed up with People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), to speak out against Butterball and their â€Å"How To Cook A Turkey Hotline†. â€Å"Please join me in calling Butterball,† implored Apple, â€Å"to tell them there is no proper way to kill and cook these beautiful birds.† Okay, so maybe you love animals but you’re not a vegetarian. The next question is about the affects of one killed or injured animal on many. Take deer for example. Many hunters claim that any deer that escapes from a hunt later returns to the herd without suffering any ill effects. Even if they don’t get away, there is no damage done to the population and the hunters have done nothing but their part in keeping populations to a healthy low. Apparently, according to the League Against Cruel Sports, this is entirely untrue. The babies that eventually die of starvation are lost along with their mothers. They also same that by the end of a long day of running for their life, the deer may have lost so much body heat that they succumb to hypothermia and pneumonia. Another cause of deer fatalities during hunting season is myopathy, which is due to the stress and over-exertion of a long pursuit. The lactic acid builds up, which causes extreme pain, it breaks down muscle tissue. Death finally comes, usually as a result of kidney failure. The organization’s website also lists a â€Å"pack of lies†. They are quotes which many have believed to be true but by scientific evidence and statistics, really aren’t. â€Å"Farmers currently tolerate deer on their farms and suffer consequent crop losses because the deer provide them with ‘sport’ as a compensation.

Blanche Dubois As Tragic Heroine Essay

How far does Blanche Dubois measure up to the status of tragic heroine? Looking at the definition of hero, we see that in mythology and legend, a man, often of divine ancestry, who is endowed with great courage and strength, celebrated for his bold exploits, and favoured by the gods. A person noted for feats of courage or nobility of purpose, especially one who has risked or sacrificed his or her life: soldiers and nurses who were heroes in an unpopular war. A person noted for special achievement in a particular field. The principal character in a novel, poem, or dramatic presentation. Blanche Dubois can be seen as a tragic heroine within ‘A Streetcar Named Desire’ on a number of occasions. In the opening scene of the play, Blanche is introduced as someone who seems to be very sensitive and in some ways innocent, we see this when Williams writes: ‘She is daintily dressed in a white suit†¦looking as if she were arriving at a summer tea or cocktail party.’ Both her sensitivity and appearance are an obvious contrast to not only Stanley, but his apartment also, where Blanche ironically chooses to stay. Within Streetcar, Blanche’s life is evidence of how a single, tragic event can, in effect, end someone’s life. In Blanche’s case, this tragic event is her fall into complete incapability to cope with real life situations and failure to remove herself from the fantasy world she has created for herself. This can be seen as one of Blanche’s main tragic flaws, that is the error of a tragic hero that in time leads to the hero’s defeat, such as Macbeth’s success to the throne, yet his actions that brought him there eventually causes his death. In an effort to escape the misery of her life in Laurel, Blanche drinks heavily and has meaningless affairs. She needs alcohol to stop the polka music which symbolises Allan’s death, from repeating in her head and to avoid the truth of her life. She gives herself to various strangers in an attempt to lose herself. She seduces young boys in memory of Allan. But her empty heart finds no peace, and her bad reputation ends her teaching career. Blanche cannot stand a vulgar remark, a loud noise, or a harsh light. With Allan’s departure, the light seems to have gone out of her life. As a result, she prefers darkness and dim candlelight, the perfect setting for her make-believe world that has no pain or memories. It also hides the reality of her departed youth and advancing age, which is yet another flaw that she has, her obsession about not getting old because then no man will want her. Blanche’s dim perception with real life feelings and situations can first be seen when she discusses her past husband. She believed that her marriage to Allan was genuine, however refused to acknowledge his sensitive and effeminate qualities, perhaps in fear of the consequences. This is evident as we see here: ‘There was something different about the boy, a nervousness, a softness and tenderness which wasn’t like a man’s†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ At the age of sixteen, she fell in love with, worshipped, and eloped with a sensitive boy. She believed that life with Allan was sheer bliss, however her faith is shattered when she discovers he is a bi-sexual degenerate, her discovery of this lead Allan to take his own life. Blanche is seen to hold herself responsible for his untimely death due to the way she spoke to him after discovering his secret. She is full of enough remorse that the thought of Allan alone is enough to make Blanche vomit, as can be seen in Scene 1 when Stanley asks her about her past marriage: ‘The boy – the boy died. [She sinks back down.] I’m afraid I’m – going to be sick!’ Blanch is in no way perfect, the audience is made to feel sorry for her at times, and to hate her at other times, but despite the fact that another of her main flaws is her ability to deal with situations like an adult, the tragic event leading Blanche to her fantasy world and on occasion depression, is the death of Allan. This sets off Blanche’s downfall into what could be diagnosed as insanity, as it is the loneliness and and the fact that she feels her life doesn’t have a purpose without a man, she experiences after Allan’s death that forces her to seek attention in the wrong way and from the wrong company. Such as the flamingo hotel, which is a good example of her dealing with a bad situation badly.

The Mid Atlantics essays

The Mid Atlantics essays The Mid-Atlantic region is a part of the United States of America and is located near the Atlantic Ocean in the North Eastern part of the U.S. in the Middle Eastern part of North America. The history of the region goes back to the beginning of the United States. It was one of the original thirteen colonies. There war history while not the most impressive was never the less important to the war effort to break away from England. And in winning the civil war, this region however was one of the main areas that still contained a lot of loyalists to England however. But eventually either came around or just never spoke of there continued allegiance. The celebrations and feasts of the region are New Years in New York. Thanksgiving, celebrating the first settlers of the United States and their cooperation with the Indians (Native Americans). Where such foods as turkey, corn on the cob, mashed potatoes, gravy, cranberries, and pumpkin pie are served. Their official language is English with a lot of slang versions of the dialect depending on which area you are in. Some festivals are Woodstock - Film Festival Sherman - O. U. R. Music Festival, New York - International Dance Festival-NYC, Brasstown - Fall Festival, Riverhead - Blues Festival, Syracuse - NY Rhythm and Blues Festival. As well as Little York - Bluegrass Ramble Picnic, Lafayette - Central NY Bluegrass Assoc. Festival, Hillsdale - Winterhawk 2000Binghamton - Cranberry Dulcimer Gathering, Ancramdale - Grey Fox Bluegrass Festival. Hunter - Mountain Culture Festival, Weedsport - Musicstock 2000Geneva - Seneca Lake Whale Watch, Honeoye Falls - Turtle Hill Folk Festival. Hamptonburgh - 6th Annual Irish Heritage Festival, Woodstock - Goddess Festival, New York - Mostly Mozart Festival, Swan Lake - Blues 2000 Endless Blues Festival Weekend. Ancramdale - Winterhawk Bluegrass Festival, Highmount - Belleayre Music Festival, East Durham - Irish Traditional Music Festiv...

How We Listen to Music essays

How We Listen to Music essays In the story "How We Listen," by Aaron Copeland, both a subjective attitude and an objective attitude occur in each separate plane that is being described. The subjective attitude is where everything is taking place in the listeners mind, where as they are unaffected by the world around them. The music becomes essential to them. The objective attitude is where the listener has something to do with the material object as distinguished from the mental picture. They are uninfluenced by emotion or personal prejudice. Many people listen to music on what Copeland describes as the sensuous plane. That is, to take in the music you are listening to without judging it in anyway. You hear this music without even recognizing that it exists. There is an objective attitude being displayed here, because the listener is uninfluenced by the personal feeling or prejudice that they hold. They merely listen to the music to escape the problems or negative feelings that they hold inside their mind. However, neither one of them are concentrating on the music they here. They can become lost within the music itself. The subjective attitude in the sensuous plane is where the listeners are pertaining to the nature of the music itself. It seems important in order to let them escape the feelings they have in their everyday life. The second plane in which Copeland describes is called the expressive plane. No music, according to Copeland, has a meaning that is possible to describe or explain; yet, every piece of music means something, whether it is the listener or the composer. Many listeners in this plane hold a subjective attitude because the music always seems to play a role in the listeners life, where as it might reminds them of something. It becomes personal, existing in their mind the true meaning of what they are listening to, yet they are unable to state it. This helps the listeners to experience differe...

Project about drug LORATADINE OR LORATADIN Research Paper

Project about drug LORATADINE OR LORATADIN - Research Paper Example The assignment of patients to the different types of treatment was randomized and the randomization was also double-blinded, with neither the researchers nor the respondents knowing what treatment was assigned to them. At the start of each trial, the respondents assigned to each group were similar and baseline characteristics for each respondent were also similar. The baseline characteristic established for the patients included their age, gender, and ethnic origin (Ratner, et.al., 1998). Aside from the allocated treatment, the patients were all treated equally and no other additional procedures or treatments were included for any of the other treatment groups. There were 28 losses in respondents in the course of the study; this represented an acceptable number – less than 20% of the total number of respondents. The respondents were also analysed in the groups where they were randomised. They were analysed and compared to the other groups based on statistical variances and eva luations. This study is very much ideal because the clinicians and the researchers were blinded during the course of their research. Neither of them knew who was receiving what form of treatment. Previous knowledge and perceptions of the possible impact of treatments did not affect the results of the study and the outcome of the treatments (Ratner, et.al., 1998). The paper of Cauwenberge and Juniper (2000) sought to compare the efficacy, safety and impact of quality of life in seasonal allergic rhinitis patients after treatment with either fexofenadine and loratadine (with placebo) given once a day. The respondents were randomised through the application of appropriate computer techniques. Such randomisation was concealed from the respondents and researchers. The groups were similar at the start of the trial and the baseline characteristics of age, gender, and conditions including nasal congestion were all similar to each other (Cauwenberge &

Public Policy and the rise of Business Enterprise Essay

Public Policy and the rise of Business Enterprise - Essay Example Due to the severe economic recession and other factors, the automobile industry was working below par. A general perception was created amongst the public so as to hate the automobile industry in such a manner that the general public was made to envy the automobile worker because of the increased wage rate within the automobile industry. This envious public policy led to a severe slump within the automobile industry and many of the automobile manufacturers were forced to almost close out their operations within the area but this attitude later changed and the change was brought upon by the Obama administration. Government Support to Home industry The other main emotional issue that has led to such an uproar in this article is because all these Big three American automobile manufacturers, who at one time, were about to go bankrupt and it was only the Obama administration that helped the automobile industry by offering them the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) to survive the scare and reach such a position as described in this article. Stakeholders Stakeholders of the American automobile industry were also a part of this entire scenario and all the different groups of the stakeholders had their own personal interest in this. The major stakeholders concerned with the American automobile industry would be the owners of the automobile manufacturer, the employees within these automobile manufacturing companies, the government, the customers and the suppliers of these automobile manufacturers with each and every stakeholder having a personal interest. The owners would be worried about their personal investments within the company and with this increase in sales; the owners would get delighted as their returns would increase. The government would be worried about the increased level of unemployment had these automobile manufacturers ceased to operated due to bankruptcy. The improved figures in revenue would have saved the jobs. The employees would have been affecte d had they been redundant, the increased revenue have given them a hope of surviving. The customers would have to buy cars at high prices if the automobile manufacturer would have closed due to bankruptcy. The suppliers would have to find alternate customers if these companies would have closed (Drives, 2011). Policy options and implementation Public policy is usually a government action taken in order to answer any particular issue within a country; these actions are taken with respect to the legal and the administrative traditions prevailing in the country. The main issue within the article is the success story of the American automobile manufacturer namely Chrysler, General Motors and Ford. The success story starts with the initial failure that of these 3 big automaker manufacturers and how the government and the labor staff worked together to help companies like Chrysler and General Motors. The United Auto Workers worked together with General Motors to keep the Work force intact at a time when General Motor was about to go bankrupt. More recently, both General Motors and the United Auto Workers union are making to reach an agreement so that fixed costs can be reduced within General Motors. This shows how the company is working in order

Orem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Orem - Essay Example He also reports a consistent cold on his feet and a sore on his foot that has refused to heel, factors that forces him to wear protective socks. He further reports occasional passing out but maintains that he is fine. Mr. Fred’s significant problem that calls for healthcare attention is the ‘non healing sore on his foot.’ This is because even though the patient acknowledges presence of the sores, and the fact that the sores do not indicate a possibility of healing, Fred is still not willing to seek medication. The wound is not healing because of the patient’s high blood sugar level that facilitates growth of bacteria and it is enhanced by poor circulation. The most applicable theory to the case is the ‘Orem Self Care Deficit,’ theory that integrates â€Å"theory of self care, self care deficit theory, and theory of nursing systems† and seeks to empower patients to meet their healthcare needs with little or no assistance from healthcare personnel (Zaccagnini and White, p. 19; Kumar, p. 104- 106). The Orem theory is applicable to the case that identifies Mr. Fred’s ‘self-care’ deficiency, a factors that prolongs the wound (Nlm, p. 1). I would apply the theory by bridging the care gap to identify practices that would enhance the wound’s healing. I would use my skills as an educator to convince Fred of the need for medication and specialists advice on how to manage the wound. These would facilitate ‘self-efficiency’ and ‘self-reliance’ in his care initiatives (Nlm, p. 1). Application of the theory to the case is supported by existing literature that identifies its ability to promote ‘self-care’ among patients. Easom’s exploration of efficiency and its associated barriers among adult’s ‘self-care’ efforts for example identifies the need to break the barriers and promote self reliance as provided for by the theory, an approach that Fred really needs. The author’s review of research findings

Computer & Engineering Essay Example for Free

Computer Engineering Essay How Individual information systems can improve personal productivity ( My Own Practice) Reading, writing, arithmetic, speaking, and listening are all considered basic skills. These skills are useful over a wide range of problems that people encounter. Now use of computer-based personal productivity tools is emerging as a new standard in education. My own skills improved and still growing with that strange hit and pick the keys of keyboard and the big different way to writing and do our thing without pencil or pen if I wont to draw my sketch ( Because I’m production engineer and how can make a report or set workers as list to describe the way to product. But I wont to set specific way and the main benefits from changing from pen to computer hit at key and I think it is the time for future systematic way to discuss our self by computerize way or systematic by set points and discuss productivity tools : My Process Writing: Many of the fundamental ideas regarding personal productivity tools can be illustrated using a word processor. It is likely that I have used a word processor; thus, a number of the ideas given here will be familiar with me. To begin, you know that there is a considerable difference between being able to use a writing toolbe it pencil and paper or a word processorand being able to write [[effectively]]. The tool, by itself, does not make you into a writer. Writing is a process designed to produce a document that communicates a message. Typically, the production of a written product goes through several steps that, collectively, are known as process writing. 1. Conception of ideas and development of these ideas. This may involve brainstorming, doodling, making brief notes, and a lot of thinking. 2. Development of an initial draft. This involves getting the conceptualized ideas into words. 3. Obtaining and making use of feedback. Feedback from oneself and others is used to produce revised versions of the initial draft. Often this involves repeated cycling back to step 1 and/or 2. 4. Polishing the final draft for publication. This includes final cleanup on spelling and grammar. Nowadays, it often includes formatting the materials in a professional manner using desktop publishing techniques. Computers can play an important role in each of these four steps of process writing. While the first step may be primarily mental, there are a variety of pieces of software designed to aid in jotting down ideas and organizing these ideas. [[See specifically, software designed to aid in cognitive mapping or concept mapping.]] In addition, most modern word processors include an outliner. This makes it easy to get rough draft ideas into the machine and to reorganize them as needed. Revision is an important idea in problem solving as well. There are many problem-solving situations in which one can develop a proposed solution and then get feedback from oneself and others on the quality of the proposed solution. The feedback is then used in doing revisions to the proposed solution. The feedback and revision cycle continues until a satisfactory solution is obtained. Desktop publishing has become a major industry. All word-processing software contains provisions for producing a final document that is nicely laid out. Professionallevel desktop-publishing software contains a wide range of aids to produce professionallooking final products. Such documents often make use of graphics and color. They may be laid out in columns, make use of a range of type styles and sizes, and be designed to help convey their messages. A person can learn to keyboard in a hunt-and-peck mode with just a minute or so of instruction. Young children can learn such keyboarding more easily than they can learn to form letters using pencil and paper. Similarly, it takes only a few minutes of instruction to learn how to use a word processor in a hunt-and-peck mode. However, this low level of word-processor use is only a modest aid to productivity in writing. It is too slow and it does not take advantage of the powerful writing aids that are built into a modern word processor. Four things for a word processor to be a useful personal process writing aid: 1. Keyboarding skills. You need not be a touch typist, even though it is helpful. Many professional writers are not touch typists. They look at the keyboard and they use only a couple of fingers from each hand as they keyboard. However, they know where the keys are and they have considerable speed. The skills that they have developed are adequate to fit their needs. And I am good now at that speed to make the typing more easily. 2. Word-processing skills. For example, how do you do a cut and paste? How do you do a search and replace? How do you use a spell checker and a thesaurus? How do you create tables, alphabetize a list, or automate the production of an index and table of contents? The manual for a modern word processor may be many hundreds of pages in length. 3. Word processor-assisted writing skills. In essence, paper and pencil provide a linear writing environment where it is difficult to correct errors and even more difficult to make significant overall revisions to a document. Interchanging the order of two paragraphs requires recopying an entire page or more. The word- processing environment is different. It takes a lot of training and experience to unlearn some of the linear and restrictive writing habits that are required when working with pencil and paper, and to learn to take advantage of the power of a word processor. 4. Desktop publication knowledge and skills. Before the development of desktop publication, many people made a living in the design, layout, and typesetting of print materials. Both design and typesetting were skilled professions. Now, desktop publication tools have made the writer more and more responsible for design and typesetting. Generic Computer Productivity Tools We use the term generic tool to describe a software tool that is applicable over a wide range of different disciplines. The word processor and desktop-publishing tools discussed in the previous section are examples of generic tools. To make effective use of a generic tool, you need to know both the tool and the domain of application. You already have a reasonable level of expertise in many different domains. Thus, as you learn to use one of these generic tools, you will find that it is relatively easy to apply the tool to your areas of expertise. There are many software tools that might be considered generic. The following list has been arranged in alphabetical order and I am doing my work with that software tool because my work depend on it . Computer-assisted design (CAD). Notice how this computer application relates to spatial intelligence in the Howard Gardner list of multiple intelligences. CAD software is used to do architectural and engineering drawings of products that are to be constructed. A CAD system can be used in the design of all sorts of products. Such software is used in place of the ruler, compass, protractor, and other tools formerly used by the draftsperson. Database. A database is an organized collection of information, often specific to one particular topic. A telephone book is a database of names, addresses, and telephone numbers. A computerized database is much easier to edit (add entries, make corrections, delete entries) than a printed database. A computerized database is designed to make it easy to locate needed information. It is also designed to make it easy to sort information into a desired format or to prepare reports based on parts of the information. ï‚ · Desktop presentation (to university oral presentations). The overhead projector, filmstrip projector, movie projector, [[slide projector,]] tape recorder, and video projector have gradually merged into a computer-based system. Material to be presented is stored on computer disk in digital form and edited using the computer. The presenter then uses the desktop-presentation system interactively when making the oral presentation. Desktop publication. A computer system is used to store, edit, design, and lay out the materials that are to be published in printed form. Output may be to a printer, to film used to make plates to go on a printing press, or directly to a printing press. Graphics (paint and draw programs). A paint program has some of the characteristics of a set of painting tools, while a draw program has some of the characteristics of a set of drawing tools. Taken together, these tools can be used to accomplish a wide range of graphic artist tasks. The graphics that are produced can be used in a word-processing document, in desktop presentation, or in other types of computer applications. Graphing (for graphing data and functions). Numerical data is easily converted to a wide range of different types of graphs, such as bar graph, line graph, pie chart, and so on. Mathematical functions can be represented graphically. For example, a three-dimensional mathematical surface can be represented on the computer screen and then rotated to allow viewing from different perspectives. A lot of our project with university topics we do it by graphing. Groupware. This software combines telecommunications with personal productivity tools. It is designed to facilitate a group of people from different locations in working jointly, both simultaneously and individually, on a computer-based project. Increasingly, groupware will include provisions for the users to talk to each other and see each other as they work together. Hypermedia. A hypermedia document is designed to be used [[read]] interactively by a computer user. It may combine text, sound, graphics, color, and video in a nonlinear fashion. The nonlinearity and interactivity mean that reading a hypermedia document requires the use of a computer. Increasingly, our educational system is working to have students become reading and writing hypermedia literate. Math systems. There are a number of comprehensive software packages that can solve a huge range of math problems. Such software can solve the types of problems that students struggle over in algebra, calculus, and other math courses. The use of such software in these courses leads to a drastic change in the nature of the courses. And, of course, it leads to a drastic change in the ability of students to actually solve the types of problems they are studying in the courses. Spreadsheet. A spreadsheet is designed to aid in doing bookkeeping, accounting, and modeling of business problems. It can also be used in other computational situations in which one works with a table of numbers and form ulas. A key feature is that the computer system can automatically rework all of the computations represented in the table whenever you make a change to any of the numbers or formulas. Telecommunications [(for communication among people, information, and machines)]]. Telecommunications is the electronic link between people, computers, and other machines. This may be via a local area network, perhaps just connecting people, computers, and machines that are all in one building. It may also be a worldwide connection, using local and long distance telephone lines, satellites, microwave systems, and fiber optics. Intelligent, digital connectivity is having a major impact on the societies and people of our planet. Word processor. A word processor is software designed to aid in writing. A modern word processor contains a number of features, such as a spell checker, thesaurus, graphics, and graphing, that may be of use to a writer. There is no clear dividing line between a word processor and desktop-publishing software. Although a generic computer-based personal productivity tool can be used in many different disciplines, each tool is oriented towards representing and solving certain somewhat specific types of problems. With me all that thing above change my way to solving problems and I try to make it more easily for me and update my experiences with the latest version of that software or methods .